Ashkan Farazin
1 
, Zahra Torkpour
2, Shakiba Dehghani
2, Ramin Mohammadi
3, Mina D. Fahmy
4, Saeed Saber-Samandari
5, Kirollos Adel Labib
6, Amirsalar Khandan
5* 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan/Khomeinishahr, Iran
2 School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
3 Department of Chemical Engineering, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran
4 Resident, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Tennessee Medical Center, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
5 New Technology Research Center, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
6 Resident, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
Abstract
Today, various commercial dressings have been developed and introduced to the market. The diversity makes it difficult for the nurse to choose the right type. Although the most important reason to use a wound dress is to protect the wound from infection and prevent infection, but in fact, the main purpose of using these materials is to speed up the wound healing process. Traumatic injuries result in an epithelial wound that disrupts the continuity of the skin surface. These differences reveal as abrasions, punctures, and injuries. Wounds are divided into two types; the skin is either cut or ruptured, including deep wounds and bruises, or surface wounds. Expedited wound healing has been considered since the archaic era of human civilization, with the earliest reported case from the Ancient Egyptians. Wound lesions in mummified humans were observed to be cover with animal skin, with signs of (primary/secondary) wound healing present. A “new wound dressing” is an advanced wound dress used in wound management as biocompatible and biodegradable biomaterials that heal wounds and burns. In the past, it was believed that dry wounds had expedited healing and wet wounds have been found to promote using re-epithelization and result in reduced scar formation. Wounds can be treated using various types of natural polymers and materials. Also, techniques like electrospinning and freeze-drying techniques can be used for the fabrication of standard wound dress. These wounds are associated with bandages, inflammation, bleeding, pain, and pus. In this work, we consider various types of wounds and techniques to treat the wound. Susceptibility to these areas, due to special symptoms for each of them. Products like hydrogels, hydrocolloids, films, sponges, and nano-fiber polymeric materials are used to promote healing. In this review, we examine the ideal products for the treatment of wounds in diabetic patients.
Keywords: Wound dressing, Hydrogel, Diabetic foot ulcers, Freeze drying, Medicine